Multiplication and Division
The concepts in multiplication and division are very closely linked, and should be developed together.
Multiplication is very quick way of adding up, and it does not matter which way the numbers are multiplied - the answer is the same, i.e. 4 x 3 gives the same answer as 3 x 4. Division is a method of sharing or grouping. However unlike multiplication, the numbers must be kept in the correct order, i.e. 10 ÷ 2 is not the same as 2 ÷ 10. As with their progress through addition and subtraction, the children are taught mental techniques first, before moving onto informal written recording and finally the more formal written methods.
One of the keys to good multiplication and division progress is learning the times tables. Children start with the x2, x5 and x10 tables, before learning the remaining tables up to 10x10. There are many different ways to learn the times tables, but the most effective is through repetition. When learning a table, chanting each night will help commit the answers to memory quickly. Children will also recognise patterns within the tables, for example if they know 4 x 7 is 28, they also know the answer to 7 x 4, 28 ÷ 4 and 28 ÷ 7.
For a summary of the progression in multiplication and division from Reception to Year 6, please click on the document links below:
Just as for addition and subtraction, I have written a summary of the progression throughout the year groups for each operation as this type of document appeared on quite a few other websites which had good numeracy info..... I have crossed referenced these to the policies you sent me so hopefully they have all the steps in the correct years. They are in Word, so if you could just double check them for me then I can edit them again if necessary.
Multiplication document
Division document
(more videos I found on You Tube that might be useful as a starting point when making our own - links below)
How to use diagrams to understand multiplication as groups of objects or repeated addition:
(like the one on Wroughton's site, perhaps combining with arrays?)
http://www.wroughton.swindon.sch.uk/ParentsArea08.html
Using arrays to visualise multiplication:
(like the one on Wroughton's site?)
How to learn times tables properly:
(like the one on Wroughton's site emphasising chanting?)
How to use diagrams to understand multiplication as groups of objects or repeated addition:
(like the one on Wroughton's site, perhaps combining with arrays?)
http://www.wroughton.swindon.sch.uk/ParentsArea08.html
Using arrays to visualise multiplication:
(like the one on Wroughton's site?)
How to learn times tables properly:
(like the one on Wroughton's site emphasising chanting?)
An explanation of the grid method of multiplication with examples (also covers expanded methods briefly towards the end):
Short multiplication (including decimal examples):
Long multiplication:
Division using chunking method on a number line:
An explanation of the expanded method of division with examples:
(also covers short division example towards the end)
(also covers short division example towards the end)
Short division:
(also includes example writing remainder as a decimal)
A bit of fun - times tables using you hands (6x6 to 10x10):
(this is just one of the ways of using you hands that I found online, I don't remember anything like this from school!)
(this is just one of the ways of using you hands that I found online, I don't remember anything like this from school!)
Printable times table sheets http://www.sparklebox2.co.uk/numeracy/calc/times.html
Teaching tables (evaluation version but playable) http://www.teachingtables.co.uk/
KS1 BBC BiteSize games http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks1bitesize/numeracy/
KS2 BBC BiteSize games http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/maths/number/
Interactive multiplication games from Woodlands Junior School http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/maths/timestable/interactive.htm
Multiplication games http://www.maths-games.org/times-tables-games.html
KS1 multiplication and division games from Top Marks http://www.topmarks.co.uk/EducationalGames.aspx?cat=9
KS 2 multiplication and division games from Top Marks http://www.topmarks.co.uk/EducationalGames.aspx?cat=18
Division games from Woodlands Junior School http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/maths/division.htm
